Cardiovascular and Metabolic
Apelin receptor signalling
Activation of the apelin receptor by endogenous apelin isoforms or synthetic agonists.
Biological pathway
The apelin receptor is a class A G-protein-coupled receptor that regulates vascular tone, cardiac contractility, fluid balance and metabolic signalling through G-protein and beta-arrestin pathways.
Evidence summary
Human infusion and early agonist studies confirm cardiovascular target engagement; broader therapeutic efficacy remains investigational.
Limitations
Apelin isoforms differ in potency and stability, and acute haemodynamic effects do not establish long-term clinical benefit.